ABSTRACT
Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and rate applications can influence the performance of sesame, and when applied in excess can cause nitrogen loss in the environment, and consequently make the cost of production more costly to the producer. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of nitrogen use by different cultivars of irrigated sesame seeds under the edaphoclimatic conditions of the northeastern semi-arid region in two harvests. The experiments were carried out from February to May (1st harvest) and from July to October (2nd harvest) in 2016. The treatments were arranged in a split plot scheme, in which the plots were the five nitrogen doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1), and in the subplots, the four sesame genotypes (CNPA G2, CNPA G3, CNPA G4 and BRS Seda), the design was in randomized complete blocks with four replications. The nitrogen use efficiency assessments evaluated were: agronomic efficiency (AE), physiological efficiency (PE), agrophysiological efficiency (APE), recovery efficiency (RE) and efficiency of use (EU). The rate that provided the greatest efficiency of use was 30 kg ha-1 of N applied. The cultivar BRS Seda had greater efficiency of use in relation to the other cultivars studied. The crop that had better efficiency of use was the 2nd agricultural harvest.
Subject(s)
Crop Production , Sesamum/genetics , Nitrogen/analysisABSTRACT
To investigate the enzyme properties of the black sesame polyphenol oxidase (BsPPO), a synthesized Bsppo gene was cloned into the vector pMAL-c5x and expressed in E. coli. Subsequently, the MBP fusion label in the recombinant protein was removed by protease digestion after affinity purification. The synthesized Bsppo gene contained 1 752 bp which encodes 585 amino acids with a deduced molecular weight of 65.3 kDa. Transformation of the recombinant vector into E. coli BL21(DE3) resulted in soluble expression of the fusion protein MBP-BsPPO. The enzymatic properties of the recombinant BsPPO was investigated after MBP fusion tag excision followed by affinity purification. The results demonstrated that the optimal temperature and pH for BsPPO was 25°C and 4.0, respectively. BsPPO exhibited a good stability under low temperature and acidic environment. Low-intensity short-term light exposure increased the activity of BsPPO. Cu²⁺ could improve the activity of BsPPO while Zn²⁺ and Ca²⁺ showed the opposite effect. BsPPO could catalyze the oxidation of monophenols, diphenols, and triphenols, and exhibited good catalytic activity on l-tyrosine and vanillic acid. Moreover, BsPPO exhibited high catalytic activity on black sesame metabolites, including 2-methoxy cinnamic acid, indole-3-carboxylic acid and phloretin. These results may serve as a basis for further characterization of BsPPO.
Subject(s)
Catechol Oxidase/genetics , Cloning, Molecular , Escherichia coli/metabolism , Recombinant Proteins/genetics , Sesamum/geneticsABSTRACT
Dado que el uso ideal de los marcadores isoenzimáticos requiere del conocimiento de su control genético, este trabajó buscó establecer el modo de herencia y el grado de ligamiento de los loci que codifican la expresión de dos sistemas enzimáticos en el ajonjolí: isocitrato deshidrogenasa (IDH) y siquimato deshidrogenasa (SKD). Para tal fin, se evaluó el comportamiento electroforético de IDH y SKD en la F2 del cruce entre los cultivares TurénArawaca. Los resultados sugieren que IDH está controlado por dos loci, Idh1 e Idh2; mientras que SKD, por uno sólo, Skd1. Los loci Idh1 y Skd1 mostraron tres patrones distinguibles, correspondientes a los dos genotipos homocigotos y al heterocigoto, ajustados a una segregación típica mendeliana para un carácter codominante 1:2:1. La cosegregación entre Idh1 y Skd1 fue independiente. Palabras clave: isoenzimas, ligamiento, modo de herencia, Sesamum indicum
Taking into consideration that the ideal manipulation of isozymic markers needs knowledge of their genetic control, the aim of this study was to establish the inheritance and linkage degree of loci that control the expression of two sesame isozyme systems: isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and shikimate dehydrogenase (SKD). The F2 electrophoretic behaviour of IDH and SKD from cultivars Turen x Arawaca cross was evaluated. The results suggest that IDH is controlled by two loci, Idh1 and Idh2 meanwhile SKD by only one, Skd1. The loci Idh1 and Skd1 showed three distinguishable patterns, corresponding to the homocygote genotypes and the heterocygote one, adjusted to a one-character common mendelian segregation 1:2:1. Cosegregation between Idh1 and Skd1 was independent